Overview
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. It causes the airways to become inflamed and swollen, making them sensitive to triggers that cause breathing difficulties. With proper management, most children can live active lives.
Symptoms
Symptoms include frequent coughing, especially at night, wheezing (a whistling sound during breathing), shortness of breath, and chest tightness. These can be triggered by exercise, infections, allergens, or cold air.
Causes
The exact cause is unknown, but it involves a combination of genetics and environmental factors. A family history of asthma or allergies increases the risk.
Treatment
Treatment includes long-term control medications (like inhaled corticosteroids) and quick-relief medications (bronchodilators) for asthma attacks. Identifying and avoiding triggers is also crucial.
When to See a Doctor
If your child has frequent coughing or wheezing, or trouble breathing, see a doctor. Emergency care is needed for severe symptoms like bluish lips or not responding.