Overview
Vaginal thrush is a common condition affecting women of all ages. It occurs when the natural balance of microorganisms in the vagina is disrupted, allowing Candida yeast, usually Candida albicans, to multiply. It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, though sexual activity can be a trigger.
Symptoms
Symptoms include intense itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva, a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge, soreness and burning sensation during urination or intercourse, and redness and swelling of the vulva.
Causes
Common causes include antibiotic use (which kills beneficial bacteria), pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes, a weakened immune system, and hormonal changes. Wearing tight, synthetic underwear or using scented hygiene products can also contribute.
Treatment
Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, available as vaginal creams, tablets, or oral pills. Over-the-counter options are available for mild cases. It is important to complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a doctor if you are experiencing symptoms for the first time, if you are pregnant, if you have recurrent infections, or if over-the-counter treatments are not effective.