Overview

Benign moles are very common and are caused by a cluster of melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment in the skin. They can appear anywhere on the body, alone or in groups, and usually develop during childhood and early adulthood. Most people have between 10 and 40 moles.

Symptoms

Benign moles are usually round or oval with a smooth, even border. They are typically uniform in color, ranging from tan to brown or black, and can be flat or raised. They are generally less than 6 millimeters in diameter. They are not painful, itchy, or bleeding.

Causes

Moles form when melanocytes grow in clusters instead of being spread evenly throughout the skin. Factors influencing mole development include genetics and sun exposure. Sun exposure can cause existing moles to darken and increase the number of new moles.

Treatment

Most benign moles do not require treatment. If a mole is bothersome, is being irritated by clothing, or is removed for cosmetic reasons, it can be surgically shaved or cut out by a dermatologist.

When to See a Doctor

See a doctor if a mole changes in size, shape, color, or if it becomes itchy, painful, or begins to bleed. The ABCDE rule (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving) can help identify warning signs of potential skin cancer. Regular skin self-exams are recommended.