Overview
Bacterial sinusitis occurs when the sinuses, the air-filled spaces behind the forehead, cheeks, and eyes, become inflamed due to a bacterial infection. It often develops as a secondary infection following a viral cold that causes mucus buildup, blocking the sinuses and allowing bacteria to grow.
Symptoms
Symptoms include persistent nasal discharge, often thick and yellow or green in color, facial pain or pressure, nasal obstruction, headache, loss of smell, fever, and cough (worse at night). Symptoms typically last for more than 10 days without improvement or may initially improve and then worsen.
Causes
It is caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. A viral infection, allergies, or structural issues like a deviated septum can block the sinus openings, creating a favorable environment for bacterial growth.
Treatment
Treatment usually involves antibiotics to clear the bacterial infection. Decongestants and nasal sprays may be used to relieve congestion, and pain relievers can help with discomfort. Home remedies like warm compresses and saline nasal sprays can also be beneficial.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a doctor if symptoms persist for more than 10 days, worsen after an initial improvement, or are accompanied by high fever, severe facial pain, or swelling around the eyes.