Overview
Ataxia affects movement and coordination.
Ataxia is a neurological sign and symptom that consists of a lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements. It can affect gait, speech, and eye movements, and may result from damage to the cerebellum or its connections.
Symptoms
Poor coordination, unsteady walking.
Common symptoms of ataxia include:
- Difficulty walking and maintaining balance
- Poor coordination of hands and arms
- Slurred or abnormal speech
- Difficulty with fine motor tasks such as writing or buttoning clothes
- Abnormal eye movements
- Tremors
- Difficulty swallowing
Causes
Brain damage, genetics.
Ataxia can be caused by:
- Genetic disorders such as Friedreich's ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia
- Stroke or brain hemorrhage
- Multiple sclerosis
- Brain tumors
- Alcohol abuse
- Certain medications or toxins
- Vitamin deficiencies
- Infections
Treatment
Therapy and supportive care.
Treatment for ataxia focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life:
- Physical therapy — to improve balance, coordination, and mobility.
- Occupational therapy — to help with daily activities.
- Speech therapy — to address speech and swallowing difficulties.
- Medications — to treat underlying conditions or specific symptoms.
- Assistive devices — such as canes, walkers, or wheelchairs.
- Lifestyle modifications — including avoiding alcohol and maintaining a healthy diet.