Overview
AL Amyloidosis occurs when abnormal proteins called amyloid build up in organs and tissues. These protein deposits can damage organs and affect their normal function. Commonly affected organs include the heart, kidneys, liver, digestive system, and nerves. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent serious complications.
Symptoms
Symptoms depend on which organs are affected. Common symptoms include fatigue, swelling in legs or ankles, shortness of breath, weight loss, numbness or tingling in hands and feet, enlarged tongue, irregular heartbeat, and kidney problems. Some patients may also experience dizziness or fainting.
Causes
AL Amyloidosis happens when bone marrow produces abnormal light-chain proteins. These proteins misfold and form amyloid deposits in organs. It is sometimes associated with plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on stopping abnormal protein production and protecting affected organs. Options may include chemotherapy medications, targeted therapy, stem cell transplant, and supportive treatments for organ symptoms. Treatment depends on the patient's overall health and organ involvement.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical care if you experience unexplained swelling, fatigue, shortness of breath, weight loss, or numbness in hands and feet. Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes.