Overview
Acute bronchitis usually develops after a cold or respiratory infection. It causes irritation in the airways leading to cough and mucus production. The condition is typically self-limiting and resolves within 1 to 3 weeks.
Symptoms
Cough (with or without mucus), fatigue, shortness of breath, mild fever, chest discomfort, sore throat, and runny or stuffy nose. The cough may persist for several weeks even after other symptoms resolve.
Causes
Viral infections (most common), smoking, air pollution, respiratory infections, and exposure to dust or fumes. Acute bronchitis often follows a cold or influenza infection.
Treatment
Rest, increased fluid intake, cough medications (expectorants or suppressants), inhalers (bronchodilators) for wheezing, and humidified air. Antibiotics are only used if a bacterial infection is suspected.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical care if you have a cough lasting more than 3 weeks, fever above 100.4°F (38°C), shortness of breath, chest pain, or if you cough up blood. People with underlying lung conditions should seek early care.